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| Alignment: |
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The way in which a text is placed in a column or on a page, for instance,
flush left and right, etc. |
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| Alphabet: |
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| All letters of a language. The English language alphabet has 26 letters. |
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| Alternates: |
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| Several fonts include additional ligatured forms, alternate lowercase letters, and lowercase within uppercase combined forms. The alternate forms were designed to give words a slightly more animated and informal appearance and to lend more interest to type composition. Because of their decorative quality, they are best used in moderation. |
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| Ampersand: |
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The ligature & was developed by scribes as a shortcut combining the letterforms e and t,
the word et meaning ‘and’ in Latin. |
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| Anti-Aliasing: |
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| Bitmap rendering (of type or any other graphic object) in which pixels are rendered solid (i.e. on) or negative (i.e. off) or a number of shades between these two extremes. Anti-aliasing (also called ‘greyscaling’) has the effect of visually smoothing the edges of objects, making the bitmap rendering appear to be of a higher resolution than it actually is. Anti-aliasing also makes it possible to render more complex shapes that would otherwise not be legible. |
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| Antiqua: |
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| The ’round’ faces of the Latin alphabet, as opposed to broken letters. The capital letters are based on ancient Roman letter forms, the lower case letters on the Caroline minuscule. |
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| Apex: |
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| The juncture of two converging strokes at the highest point of a letter. For example: A, M, W. |
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| Arabic numerals: |
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| The numerals, 1, 2, 3, we usually use. |
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| Arm: |
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| Short horizontal or oblique stroke that is free at one or both ends, as in E, F, K, L, T. |
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| Ascender: |
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| The part of certain lowercase letters that extends above the x-height as in b, d, f, h, k, and l. |
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| Ascender Line: |
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| A guideline indicating where the tops of ascenders appear to align. |
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